Elkonin boxes build phonemic awareness skills by segmenting words into individual sounds, or phonemes. To use Elkonin boxes, a child listens to a word and moves a token into a box for each sound or phoneme. In some cases different colored tokens may be used for consonants and vowels or just for each phoneme in…
This is a handy guide that explains how to use Elkonin boxes in instruction, with the helpful addition of word lists for teaching.
Phonics instruction should be explicit and systematic – but what exactly does that mean? This article clarifies these commonly used terms.
In early instruction, many educators wonder if we should teach letter sounds or letter names first. Dr. Timothy Shanahan unpacks this issue.
Put Reading First is a summary of the findings from the Report of the National Reading Panel, summarized in a brief, easy-to-read comprehensive guide to evidence-based reading instruction. Intended for educators and administrators, this guide aims to improve reading outcomes for children in the early grades, summarizing key research findings on phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,…
Dr. Tim Shanahan clarifies what we know about rhyming in this blog post. Should rhyming be a key component of early reading instruction?
Curious to learn more about the nature of English phonemes and their production? This handout from the Colorado Department of Education unpacks consonant and vowel sounds.
IDA Perspectives article about vocabulary instruction from early childhood to senior grades.
Comprehensive article outlining the key principles for making sense of the English spelling system.
In this article from the International Dyslexia Association, Al Otaiba et al. emphasize the significance of evidence-based systematic and explicit instruction. They outline the typical process through which students grasp the alphabetic principle (the concept that words consist of distinct sounds). They also provide explanations of blending and segmenting instruction, accompanied by sample activities. The article also furnishes teachers with resources for explicit and systematic reading instruction as well as examples of explicit and systematic programs for teaching phonemic awareness and phonics.
In this International Dyslexia Association Perspectives article, Sarah V. Arden and Jill M. Pentimonti emphasize the vital role of data-based decision-making in Multitiered Systems of Support (MTSS) to improve reading outcomes for students, especially those with disabilities. MTSS offers a framework with three tiers of instruction involving progress monitoring to determine suitable support levels. The authors stress the need for a climate of data fluency among educators, promoting collaboration to analyze data and identify students needing additional support. Diagnostic assessments are essential in Tier 3 to guide individualized interventions, with regular progress monitoring to make timely adjustments. The article aims to aid educators in effectively utilizing data to enhance student achievement within the MTSS framework.
Put Reading First is a comprehensive guide to evidence-based reading instruction. Intended for educators and administrators, this guide aims to improve reading outcomes for children in the early grades.Chapter 1 provides an overview of the essential components of effective reading instruction, such as phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Chapter 2 focuses on the critical early stages of reading development, emphasizing the importance of explicit instruction in phonological awareness and phonics.Chapter 3 highlights the significance of developing automaticity and prosody in reading to enhance comprehension.Chapter 4 delves into the importance of vocabulary, teaching word meanings and strategies to foster word learning.Chapter 5 explains techniques for enhancing understanding, including active engagement, monitoring, and metacognition.Practical strategies for classroom instruction include using explicit and systematic phonics lessons, providing ample opportunities for guided oral reading, incorporating vocabulary-building activities, and promoting meaningful discussions to enhance comprehension.
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